CPR & First Aid Response Guide
Quick reference for emergency situations.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) - Adult
Check for Safety & Response
Ensure the scene is safe. Tap the person's shoulder and shout, "Are you OK?" Check for breathing for 5-10 seconds.
Call for Help
If there is no response, call your local emergency number (e.g., 911 in the USA) and get an AED if available.
Begin Compressions
Place the heel of one hand in the center of the chest. Place your other hand on top and interlace your fingers. Push hard and fast (100-120 compressions per minute) about 2 inches (5 cm) deep.
Continue Compressions
Continue chest compressions without interruption until help arrives or the person starts to breathe.
Hand Placement
Place the heel of your hand on the center of the chest, on the breastbone.
Choking - Adult
Assess the Situation
Ask "Are you choking?" If the person can cough or speak, encourage them to keep coughing. If they cannot breathe, cough, or speak, they need immediate help.
Give Back Blows
Stand to the side and slightly behind the person. Support their chest with one hand and lean them forward. Give 5 firm blows between their shoulder blades with the heel of your other hand.
Give Abdominal Thrusts
If back blows don't work, stand behind the person and wrap your arms around their waist. Make a fist with one hand and place it just above their navel. Grasp your fist with your other hand and give 5 quick, upward thrusts.
Repeat & Call for Help
Continue alternating between 5 back blows and 5 abdominal thrusts until the object is dislodged or the person becomes unresponsive. Have someone call for emergency help.
Abdominal Thrust Hand Placement
Make a fist and place the thumb side against the middle of the abdomen, just above the navel.
Severe Bleeding
Call for Help
Immediately call your local emergency number. Ensure your own safety first (e.g., wear gloves if available).
Apply Direct Pressure
Use a clean cloth, bandage, or your hands to apply firm, direct pressure to the wound. Do not remove the cloth if it soaks through; add more on top.
Elevate the Wound
If the wound is on a limb, elevate it above the level of the heart, if possible, while continuing to apply pressure.
Use Pressure Points
If bleeding doesn't stop, apply pressure to a major artery. For an arm, press on the inside of the arm between the shoulder and elbow. For a leg, press in the groin area.
Applying Pressure
Use the palm of your hand to apply steady, direct pressure on the wound.
Important Disclaimer
This guide is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional first aid training or medical advice. In an emergency, always call for professional medical help immediately.